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Millennia:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	18th century - 19th century - 20th century
Decades:	1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s
Years:	1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889
Categories:	Births - Deaths - Architecture Establishments - Disestablishments

Contents 1 Events and Trends 1.1 Technology 1.2 Science 1.3 Literature and Arts 1.4 Other 1.5 People 1.6 World Leaders

Events and Trends

Technology

• Development and commercial production of electric lighting
• Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach
• First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings.
• First steel frame construction of "sky-scrapers"
• American Society of Mechanical Engineers founded 16 February 1880, New York, N.Y.
• Construction begins on the Panama Canal by the French. This is the first attempt to build the Canal.
• Lewis Ticehurst invented the drinking straw
• Smokeless powder brought from France in 1884

Science

• Heinrich Hertz discovers the photoelectric effect
• Michelson-Morley experiment, which suggested that the speed of light is invariant
• James-Lange theory of emotion

Literature and Arts

• Friedrich Nietzsche publishes Thus Spoke Zarathustra.
• Mark Twain publishes Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
• Fyodor Dostoevsky writes The Brothers Karamazov.
• Robert Louis Stevenson publishes Treasure Island and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde
• First edition of Oxford English Dictionary published.
• Arthur Conan Doyle publishes his first Sherlock Holmes tale.

Other

• Krakatoa, a volcano in Indonesia, erupts cataclysmically; 36,000 people are killed, the majority by the resulting tsunami
• About 300,000 Swedes emigrate to the United States
• A major step in Seventh-day Adventist's understanding of Righteousness by Faith occurred in 1888.

People

• The last surviving person born in the 1880s, María Capovilla, died on August 27, 2006.
• Ned Kelly is hanged in the Melbourne Gaol.

World Leaders

• Emperor Franz Josef (Austria-Hungary)
• Prime Min Sir John A. Macdonald (Canada)
• Guangxu Emperor (China)
• Emperor Wilhelm I (German Empire)
• Emperor Wilhelm II (German Empire)
• Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (German Empire)
• King Umberto I (Italy)
• Pope Leo XIII
• Emperor Meiji (Japan)
• General Porfirio Díaz (Mexico)
• Czar Alexander II (Russia)
• King Alfonso XII (Spain)
• Queen - Empress Victoria (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• Prime Min William Ewart Gladstone (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland)
• Prime Min Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland) President James Garfield (United States)
• President Rutherford B. Hayes (United States)
• President Chester A. Arthur (United States)
• President Grover Cleveland (United States)
• Nasser-al-Din Shah of Qajar dynasty (Persia)
• Emperor Pedro II (Brazil)