"Brer Fox Tackles Brer Tarrypin", from Uncle Remus, His Songs and His Sayings: The Folk-Lore of the Old Plantation, by Joel Chandler Harris. Illustrations by Frederick S. Church and James H. Moser. 1881.
This article discusses foxes in culture.
Cultural connotations
In many cultures, the fox appears in folklore as a symbol of cunning and trickery, or as a familiar animal possessed of magic powers.
There is a Tswana riddle that says that "Phokoje go tsela o dithetsenya" translated literally into Only the muddy fox lives meaning that only an active person who does not mind getting muddy gets to progress in life in philosophic sense that it is.
In early Mesopotamian mythology, the fox is one of the sacred animals of the goddess Ninhursag. The fox acts as her messenger.
In Chinese mythology, huli jing (狐狸精 húlijīng, fox spirits) is a powerful spirit that is know for its deception and cunning. They often take on the form of a female human to seduce men. In contemporary Chinese the word is often used to describe a mistress negatively in an extramarital affair.
In Japanese folklore, the fox-like kitsune is a powerful animal spirit (Yōkai) known for its highly mischievous and cunning nature.
The Moche people of ancient Peru worshiped animals and often depicted the fox in their art.[1]
The words "fox" or "foxy" have become slang in Western societies for an individual (most often female) with sex appeal. The word "vixen", which is normally the common name for a female fox, is also used to describe an attractive woman--although, in the case of humans, "vixen" tends to imply that the woman in question has a few nasty qualities.
The fox theme is often associated with transformation in European literature. There are three main types of fox stories:
- Description of life of more or less realistic animals
- Stories about anthropomorphic animals imbued with human characteristics
- Tales of fox transformations into humans and vice versa
- The word shenanigan (a deceitful confidence trick, or mischief) is considered to be derived from the Irish expression sionnachuighim, meaning "I play the fox."[1]
Literature (in chronological order)
This Japanese obake karuta (monster card) from the early 19th century depicts a kitsune (fox spirit). The associated game involves matching clues from folklore to pictures of specific creatures
.
- 4 BC - Aesop's fables from classical times, featuring a fox most famously in The Fox and the Grapes.
- 800 - Shen Ji-ji, "Ren's Story" : Story of a love affair between Zheng and a were-fox named Ren.
- 1100 - The medieval story of Reynard, a classic anthropomorphic epic.
- 1532 - Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince : The successful prince must have the traits of both the lion and the fox.
- 1607 - Ben Jonson,"Volpone or The Foxe". Essentially a beast fable about a witty man who tricks potential successor's to believe he is dying so that they bring him expensive gifts.
- 1679 - Pu Songling, Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, about encounters between humans and fox spirits.
- 1880-1905 - Joel Chandler Harris, Uncle Remus: Oral tradition including Brer Fox, from the American South.
- 1905? - Ernest Thompson Seton, The Biography of a Silver-Fox, Or, Domino Reynard of Goldur Town: Realistic story with author's drawing, later made into a feature film.
- 1909 - L. Frank Baum, The Road to Oz: Fox king Dox of Foxville changes a boy's head into fox's.
- 1920 - Rudolf Těsnohlídek, Liška Bystrouška (Vixen Sharpears or The Cunning Little Vixen).
- 1922 - David Garnett, Lady into Fox[2] is about transformation into animal, first physical then mental.
- 1943 - Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, The Little Prince: A fox indicates the true value of friendship.
- 1960 - Verkors, Sylva, inspired by Garnett where a fox changes into a lady.
- 1965 - Robert Crumb, Fritz the Cat comics : Winston Schwartz, two animated films.
- 1965 - István Fekete Vuk, about life of abandoned fox and his revenge on a hunter. Animated.
- 1967 - Daniel Pratt Mannix IV, The Fox and the Hound stars a fox named Tod as one of the two protagonists. Made into a Disney movie, with a recent sequel.
- 1977 - Richard Adams, The Plague Dogs has a protagonist named "The Tod" who helps out Snitter and Rowf along in their adventures.
- 1986-present - Brian Jacques, Redwall series: Fox characters include Fortunata, Sela, Chickenhound or Slagar, Urgan Nagru, Silvamord, Nightshade and Rasconza. Also animated.
- 1989 - Garry Kilworth, Hunter's moon: The life and tragedies of a fox family which describes foxes' own mythology.
- 1989 - William Wharton (author), Franky Furbo: A magical fox rescues an American soldier and then journeys in search for proof of the unusual story.
- 1994 - Gillian Rubinstein, Foxspell, in which a fox's god propose that a young boy become a fox in favor to proper burial of dead fox's body.
- 1998 - Elizabeth Hand, Last Summer at Mars Hills: An Indian boy has magical amulet which allows him change into a fox.
- 2001 and 2003 - Mordicai Gerstein, Fox Eyes and Old Country, in which anyone can switch bodies with fox if he looks into their eyes long enough.
- 2002 - N. M. Browne, Hunted:A comatose girl wakes up in a fox's body in a fantasy world.
- 2005 - Victor Pelevin, The Sacred Book of Werewolf: The kitsune A-huli searches for a path to Nirvana for were-creatures.
Young Children books
Books with loose fox motifs
Movies
Animated Movies and series
- 1937 - Ladislas Starevich's puppet-animated feature film, Le Roman de Renard ("The Tale of the Fox").
- 1940 - Disney's Pinocchio: J. Worthington Foulfellow (also known as Honest John, and ironically is extremely dishonest).
- 1946- Disney's Song of the South: Brer Fox.
- 1972 - Ralph Bakshi's 1972 film cartoon : Winston Schwartz, the on-and-off-again girlfriend of Fritz.
- 1973 - Disney's Robin Hood: Robin Hood and Maid Marian
- 1973 - Zuiyo Eizo episodes Fables of the Green Forest based on a book The Green Forest.
- 1981 - Disney's The Fox and the Hound: Tod; there was a 2006 sequel The Fox and the Hound 2.
- 1982 - Attila Dargay's Vuk, a young fox who is one of the most famous Hungarian cartoon characters.
- 1983 and 1997 - Encore Enterprises' animated series Chucklewood Critters: fox character Rusty.
- 1985 - A French animated series, Moi Renart.
- 1986 - Hospital Radio's The Space Gypsy Adventures: D.C. Bones, D.C. Fusky, Gemma and Damien Mildury (animated).
- 1987 - Sunbow Productions' serial Visionaries: Knights of the Magical Light: Ectar of the Spectral Knights possessed the totem of the Fox.
- 1989 - Nelvana Redwall (TV series) series, based on the book.
- 1991 - Don Bluth's Rockadoodle, based on Chanticleer by Edmond Rostand, a tale about a rooster; one of antagonists of the story is a fat fox named Pinky.
- 1991 - TV Series Bucky O'Hare: Vixen Captain Mimi LaFloo; based on 1970s comics.
- 1993-1996 - The Animals of Farthing Wood TV series and movie: Fox and his mate Vixen.
- 1993, 1996 and 2007 - Flemming Quist Møller's Danish animated films Jack from the Jungle: Rita, an urban fox.
- 1993 - Tezuka's Akuemon: Anime based on Japanese folk tale about fox-wife.
- 1997 - Tezuka's In the Beginning: The Bible Stories: Vixy, a vixen narrator.
- 1999-2003 - Nickelodeon's Dora the Explorer - Swiper the Fox, mischievous thief fox.
- 2005 - A Thierry Schiel CGI film Le Roman de Renart ("Renard the Fox").
- 2006 - Lee Seong-gang's South Korean animated film Yobi, the Five Tailed Fox: Yobi, a young kumiho girl.
- 2007 - TV Series Skunk Fu!: Fox, on whom Rabbit has a big crush.
Anime
Feature Movies
Popular Music
Video Games, Card Games, Comics
- Fox McCloud, James McCloud, and Krystal from the Star Fox series of Nintendo video games.
- Keaton of the Legend of Zelda video games.
- Pokémon - Vulpix and Ninetales.
- Miles "Tails" Prower, a two-tailed fox that can spin his tails like a helicopter to fly, from the popular Sonic the Hedgehog series by a branch of Sega; Sonic Team.
- Vyper, a kung-fu fox whom Benson the Cat has a crush on from the The Agents franchise.
- Fiona Fox, a dark orange female fox who was originally portrayed as a robot; than an organic version was later created for Sonic the Hedgehog, whom Tails had a crush on until she revealed that she was too old for him, then subsequently dated Sonic and finally Scourge, becoming a sexy villain.
- Inspector Carmelita Fox, a police officer in the Sly Cooper series of video games.
- Riff and his girlfriend in the computer game "Inherit the Earth"
- The James Bond parody Spy Fox, star of a computer game series.
- Crazy Redd, the Black Market salesman from the Animal Crossing games.
- In Trickster Online, Fox is the female sense type character.
- The character Reynard in the comic 'Fables' is a Fox based at the 'upstate Fable community' or 'The Farm' where all non human Fables have to live. He is one of the good Fables and has helped save central characters.
- In the trading card game Magic: The Gathering, Eight-and-a-Half-Tails is a legendary fox monk of great power and purity. {The name of this creature may be an attempt to avoid a copyright violation against Nintendo and Game Freak, as there is already a Pokémon named Ninetales.)
- Video game series, Metal Gear Solid, the special forces group is known as "Fox-Hound". It has a logo of either a fox carrying a knife in its mouth, or a cartoon fox with a grenade in one hand, and a machine pistol in the other. Fox is also the highest level codename an operative can receive, designating the highest level of skill.
- Ninetails, a major boss character from the game Okami. Its source of power is the Fox Rods, which contain nine Tube Foxes, one for each tail. During battle with Ninetails, the tails turn into women and must be defeated individually. (It should be noted that this character's name is spelled differently than Ninetales'.)
- Titus the Fox: To Marrakech and Back, fox mascot in a platform game
- In the Image Comics series Kiss: The Psycho Circus, the members of Kiss are portrayed as supernatural beings who train a Feudal Japanese samurai to outsmart supernatural foxes. The warrior outsmarts the fox spirits by applying the fox makeup identity of the late Kiss drummer Eric Carr
- In the video game Drawn To Life for the Nintendo DS handheld system, the charters of the village are "Raposas" which is Portuguese for Fox
- In the webcomic The Whiteboard three characters are foxes: Swampy, Red, and Sandy.
Other
Ballet
Web-comics
References
External links
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