Transient_response_potential

Transient response potential channel

Transient receptor potential or TRP channels are a family of loosely related ion channels that are non-selectively permeable to cations, including calcium and magnesium. TRP channels were discovered in mutant Drosophila that, instead of having sustained photoreceptor activity in response to light, had only a transient response to light.^[1] Most TRP channels are comprised of 6 membrane-spanning helices with intracellular N- and C-termini. TRP channels are activated and regulated by a wide variety of stimuli and are expressed widely throughout the body.

Genes

They are encoded by at least 33 channel subunit genes divided into seven sub-families:

TRPC (canonical) - associated with Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
TRPV (vanilloid)
TRPA (ankyrin)
TRPM (melastatin) -- associated with Hypomagnesemia with secondary hypocalcemia
TRPP (polycystin) -- associated with Polycystic kidney disease
TRPML (mucolipin) -- associated with Mucolipidosis type IV
TRPN (NOMPC) - no mechanoreceptor potential C - not found in mammals

References

^ Cosens, DJ, Manning, A (1969). "Abnormal electroretinogram from a Drosophila mutant.". Nature 224 (5216): 285–7. PMID 5344615.

External links

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Membrane transport protein: ion channels

Ca²⁺: Calcium channel

Voltage-gated	L-type/Ca_vα (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) • N-type/Ca_vα2.2 • P-type/Ca_vα(2.1) • Q-type/Ca_vα2.1 • R-type/Ca_vα2.3 • T-type/Ca_vα(3.2) α₂δ-subunits (1, 2) • β-subunits (β1, β2, β3, β4) • γ-subunits (γ1, γ2, γ3, γ4) Cation channels of sperm • Two-pore channel (1, 2)

Ligand-gated	Inositol triphosphate receptor (1, 2, 3) • Ryanodine receptor (1, 2, 3)

Na⁺: Sodium channel

Voltage-gated	Na_vα (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, 7A) • Na_vβ (1, 2, 3, 4)

Other	Epithelial sodium channel (α, β, γ, δ)

K⁺: Potassium channel

Voltage-gated	K_vα (1-6) (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.10, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4) K_vα (7-12) (7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1/hERG, 11.2, 11.3, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3) K_vβ (1, 2, 3) • KCNIP (1, 2, 3, 4) • minK/ISK • MiRP (1, 2, 3) • Shaker gene

Calcium-activated	BK channel: α1, β1, β2, β3, β4; SK channel: SK1, SK2, SK3, SK4

Inward-rectifier	K_ir (1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4) • GIRK/K_ir (3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4) • K_ir (4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1)

Tandem pore domain	K2P (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18)

M⁺: TRP cation channel

TRPA (1) • TRPC (1, 2, 3, 4, 4AP, 5, 6, 7) • TRPM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • TRPML (1, 2, 3) • TRPP (1, 2) • TRPV (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)

Cl^-: Chloride channel

CFTR • CLCA (1, 2, 3, 4) • CLCN (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, KA, KB) • CLIC (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, L1) • CLNS (1A, 1B)

Cyclic nucleotide-gated

α1, α2, α3, α4, β1, β3, H1, H2, H3, H4

Porin

Aquaporin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9) • Voltage-dependent anion channel (1, 2, 3)

Other/general

Ligand-gated ion channel • Voltage-gated ion channel • Stretch-activated ion channel